The math.log10() function is used to calculate the base-10 logarithm of a number.

math.log10(x)

Where,  x  is the number whose base-10 logarithm we want to calculate.
The function returns the logarithm of x to base 10.

import math 

print(math.log10(10))
print(math.log10(50))
print(math.log10(100))
print(math.log10(200))
print(math.log10(1000))

The math.log10() function is a shorthand for math.log() function with 10 as the base i.e math.log(x, 10)

import math

print(math.log10(100))
print(math.log(100, 10))

The function raises a ValueError if the value of is negative.

import math

math.log10(-1)