#import the math module
import math

#Use the frexp() function
print(math.frexp(3.142))

The math.frexp() function  returns the mantissa and the exponent of the input number in base 2.  

math.frexp(x) 
x  An integer or a float.

The function returns the mantissa and exponent of x as a pair (m, e), where m is a float with an absolute value between 0.5 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive), and e is an integer such that x == m * 2**e. Where , is the mantissa and is the exponent.

import math 

print(math.frexp(0))
print(math.frexp(0.5))
print(math.frexp(4))
print(math.frexp(-9))
print(math.frexp(10))
print(math.frexp(-44))

  A TypeError is raised if is not an integer or a float.

import math

math.frexp(2+3j)